A system software that manages computer resources and provide interface is called operating system.
We will talk about some of the most commonly used types of operating system.
Different Types of OS:
Batch OS
Users cannot directly interact with the computer using this kind of OS. Everyone creates their own job on a device, like punch cards, and submits it to the operator. An operator groups related jobs with the same requirements into batches. The operator must group jobs with comparable requirements.
Payroll System is the example of batch OS.
Time-Sharing Operating Systems
Each job is given short amount of time to execute so that all the jobs runs smoothly. As they use a single system, each user receives CPU time. These systems are also known as multitasking systems. A single user or a group of users may be given the task. The time it takes for each task to execute is known as quantum. When this time interval expires, the OS moves on to the next task.
Unix is a example of time sharing OS.
Distributed OS
In distributed systems, a large number of central processors are involved to manage numerous real-time multiple users. Jobs involving data processing are given to the right processors.
They also called loosely coupled system because processor do not shared memory.
Through various communication lines, the processors connect to one another. Different sized and functional processors can be used in a distributed system.
LOCUS is example of it.
Network Operating System
Capacity to manage users, applications, data, security, grous and other networking operations is provided by a network operating system, which is installed on a server. The main objective of a network operating system is to enable shared file and printer access among numerous computers connected to a network, often a local area network (LAN), a private network, or to other networks.
Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Novell NetWare and Microsoft Windows Server 2008 are examples it.
Real-Time Operating System
A system that guarantees the accurate time requirements for a task is called real time system.
The amount of time needed a system to process user input and present appropriate output is called response time.
Air traffic control systems, robots and industrial control systems are examples of real time systems.
Hard Real-Time Systems:
Hard real-time systems ensure that a job finish on specific time. Data is saved in ROM in hard real-time systems because secondary storage is not present. Virtual memory is nearly never found in these systems.
Soft Real-Time Systems:
They are much less restrictive. Soft real time system not provide guarantee to complete a task on specific time but they try to finish the task soonly.
Multimedia and virtual reality are applications of soft real time system.
